Research Archive

Norwegian ferry Horgefjord, one of the first all electric ferries, on its maiden journey in 2018
Research| April 12, 2023

How Do Climate-related Conditions Affect Norwegian Enterprises?

Norwegian businesses say that climate related conditions are affecting their operations and raising costs, but the majority also report positive overall effects of transition due to growth in investment and opportunity.

Written by Norges Bank
Flooded residential house in Florida, USA
Research| April 6, 2023

Climate Change and Economic Activity: Evidence From US States

Researchers provide evidence for the long-lasting adverse impacts of climate change in the US on state and sector specific economic performance indicators.

Written by Oxford Open Economics
The Bank of Albania in Tirana
Research| March 21, 2023

Climate Risks in Albania and Their Relevance to the Central Bank

Researchers highlight the Bank of Albania’s progress in addressing climate change, and offer a roadmap to build the finance sector’s resilience and mitigate its exposure to climate risk.

Written by SUERF
Close-up detail of a sculpture in the shape of a euro symbol, surrounding by five yellow stars
Research| February 7, 2023

The Effects of Climate Change on the Natural Rate of Interest

A Critical Survey

This working paper by the ECB says climate change may reduce natural interest, creating serious issues for monetary policymaking. The authors say an orderly transition would mitigate this, and central banks should address carbon biases to meet mandates.

Written by European Central Bank
A woman installing a solar panel on a corrugated roof
Research| December 17, 2022

Supporting the Just Transition

A Roadmap for Central Banks and Financial Supervisors

This report discusses: the risks and opportunities of net zero, the impact of inequality on monetary policy, and the action needed for central banks implementing just transition strategies.

Written by Inspire & LSE Grantham Institute
Research| July 6, 2022

The Problem Lies in the Net

Making Finance Contribute to a Net-Zero Economy

Carbon intensity, offsets, and uninvented capture technology dilute the meaning of net zero and must be eliminated from mitigation efforts to avoid greenwashing, argues this comprehensive report from Finance Watch.

Written by Finance Watch
Worker installing solar panels
Research| May 30, 2022

Capturing Risk Differentials from Climate-related Risks

This Network for Greening the Financial System report examines the case for overhauling central banks’ capital requirements and buffers based on climate considerations. …

Written by Network for Greening the Financial System
Smoke pouring from the tops of two tall industrial chinmeys
Research| May 13, 2022

Euro Area Banks’ Sensitivity to Changes in Carbon Price

A large and abrupt increase in carbon prices without ambitious and Paris-aligned emission reductions could cause a major financial shock, warns this ECB working paper.

Written by European Central Bank
Close-up of a saucepan on a cooker hob lit with a blue gas flame
Research| May 12, 2022

Energy Price Stability

The Peril of Fossil Fuels and the Promise of Renewables

This briefing explores the impact of fossil fuels on US inflation and recessions, and argues that the Fed must support the green transition to meet price stability mandates.

Written by Roosevelt Institute
An engineer stands in the open maintenance hatch at the rear of a wind turbine
Research| May 9, 2022

Include Mandatory Banking Transition Plans Within Pillar 2

This paper by the Institute for Climate Economics makes the case for climate transition plans to be fully integrated into prudential regulation for banks in the European Union.

Written by Institute for Climate Economics

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